midterm Fei Zhao ( วิโรจน์ ) Or ( ภาพภูม )

Midterm Test for Syntax

1. Explain the correlation of the idea that language is used as a correlation between gestures and meaning?
A. GESTURES_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _MEANING
Language as a correlation between gestures and meaning. The gestures can always express many meaning. Usually people use gestures express various mood. Such as when you see your friends wave to them. This gesture’s meaning is Hello to them.
B.GESTURES_ _ _ _ _ _ARRANGEMENT_ _ _ _ _ MEANING
Syntax is a central component of human language. Language has often been characterized as a systematic correlation between certain types of gestures and meaning, as represented simplistically in figure. For spoken language the gestures are oral, and for signed language, they are manual.
2. To understand Syntax perfectly well, we need to under the other linguistic branch ‘Morphology.’ Why is that? Can you try to analyze using the following data.
Morphology is concerned with the structure of words. and morphological analysis is the process by which linguists break complex words down into their component parts.
a. *Barking dogs dose not bite
Barking is adjective.
Dogs is noun.
Not is adverb.
Bite is verb.
b. *All men is create equal
All is adjective.
Men is noun.
Create is transitive verb.
Equal is adjective.
c. *How long is your feet? One foot
How is adverb.
Long is intransitive.
Is is verb to be.
Your is adjective.
Feet is noun.
One is adjective.
Foot is noun.

3. Experience of Language_ _ _ _language faculty_ _ _ _Grammar of L
- Competence/performance
I think we always get competence more than performance. We are always look this condition that graduated from the university teach in the school. High skills aren’t equal effect. The language is the same way.
- Species-specific
We do have seems to me to support the view that the ability to acquire and use language is specific human capacity, that there are very deep and restrictive principles that determine that nature of human language and rooted in the specific character of human mind.

- Linguistic Acquisition Device- -LAD
For learn about construct of the language and its development.
- Principles and Parameter Theory—PPT
If the acquisition of grammatical competence is indeed controlled by genetically endowed language faculty incorporating a theory of UG , it follows that certain aspects of child and adult competion are know without experience and hence must be part of the genetic information about language with which we are biologically endowed at birth.

How are these terms related? Explain each term
Language is what distinguishes us from other animals. It is characterized by rule-governed creativity, duality, arbitrariness.• Speakers of a language possesses a grammar, a mental system of elements and rules that allow them to produce and understand familiar and novel sentences.• Linguistic competence is the knowledge that native speakers have of their languages as an abstract formal relations. It is distinct from linguistic performance, the behavior of actual use.• Language serves many functions in human societies, e.g. emotive, informative, performative, phatic as well as meta-linguistic and recreational.
A human language is a system of remarkable complexity. To come to know a human language would be an extraordinary intellectual achievement for a creature not specifically designed to accomplish this task. A normal child acquires this knowledge on relatively slight exposure and without specific training. He can then quite effortlessly make use an intricate structure of specific rules and guiding principles to convey his thoughts and feelings to others, arousing in them novel ideas and subtle perceptions and judgments. For the conscious mind, not specially designed for the purpose, it remains a distant goal to reconstruct and comprehend what the child has done intuitively and with minimal effort. Thus language is a mirror of mind in a deep and significant sense. It is a product of human intelligence, created anew in each individual by operations that lie far beyond the reach of will or consciousness.
4. Compare Thai and English in terms of the followings:
a. Case
In English verbs change in person and number with their subjects. But in Thai don’t change. Example
I smoke cigars.
He smokes cigars.

b. Number
English number divided into two kinds with the ordinal number and the numeral. But Thai just have the numeral.
c. Sentence/Phrase Structure
Such as: where are your home? บ้านคุณอยู่ที่ไหน. We can find by ourselves the different parts. They are always makes question at the start of sentence in English. However Thai is always opposite with makes the question at the end of sentence.

5. Employ any means to show clearly the concept of “Constituent’ and ‘Construction’ of the following sentence.
John normally smokes cigarettes in the morning.
John is the subject, normally is the attribute, smokes is the predicate, cigarettes is the objective, in the morning is the adverbial modifier.
6. Underline the equal constituent with the underlined one.
a. Micheal Moore wrote a book about the President George Bush and Donal Rumsfeld
b. Kenny G performed his concert in Bangkok and in Uttaradit
c. His Majesty the King is highly regarded not only as the talented Jazz musician but also as the great scientist.

How are you? When will you come back? Then I ‘d like to listen to you play guitar. อาจารย์: I best wish you! Have a good health and happy with you together for ever.


Mr. Fei Zhao ( วิโรจน์ ) Or ( ภาพภูม )
ID: 48043020185